Exegetical notes on 1st chapter of Bon Prajñāpāramitā (Perfection of wisdom) philosophy parallel to Buddhist.

DANS QUELLE MESURE LES CARACTERISTIQUES DE LA NOTION RENANIENNE DE LA SCIENCE CORRESPONDENT-ELLES D'UNE PART AU COURANT REDUCTIONNISTE, D'AUTRE PART A L'IDEE SYNTHETISANTE OU GLOBALISANTE QUI SE FORMULE EN TERMES D'INSATISFACTION ET D'EXIGENCES A RESONANCE ROMANTIQUE? VAUT-IL LA PEINE D'ETUDIER L'UVRE RENANIENNE DANS L'OPTIQUE DE NOS CONNAISSANCES SUR L'HISTOIRE DES IDEES AU XIXE SIECLE? PEUT-ON PARLER DE L'ACTUALITE DE LA PENSEE DE RENAN AUJOURD'HUI QUAND LES PREOCCUPATIONS EPISTEMOLOGIQUES CONTINUENT A DOMINER LA REFLEXION PHILOSOPHIQUE? LA PENSEE DE RENAN HESITE ENTRE L'EPISTEMOLOGIE (...) REDUCTIONNISTE, ALIMENTEE PAR LES RESULTATS DES SCIENCES EXPERIMENTALES, ET L'ATTITUDE GLOBALISANTE SOUHAITANT DONNER A LA CONNAISSANCE LA TOTALITE COMME OBJET. LA SCIENCE DE GALILEE, DE NEWTON ET DE LAPLACE A REDUIT LA RICHESSE INDIVIDUELLE DES PHENOMENES A DES CAS IDEALISES, PRIVES EN PREMIER LIEU DE LEUR HISTOIRE. C'EST LE TEMPS-DEVENIR QUI REVENDIQUE SES DROITS DANS CETTE CONCEPTION ETAYEE PAR LA PHILOSOPHIE ALLEMANDE. POSITIVISME ET ROMANTISME DESIGNENT CHEZ RENAN LES DEUX POLES D'UN CONFLIT D'ORDRE EPISTEMOLOGIQUE. IL SERAIT PREFERABLE DE REMPLACER DORENAVANT CES TERMES PAR REDUCTIONNISMEET GLOBALISME EPISTEMOLOGIQUES. LA METHODE DOUBLE SUGGEREE PAR RENAN, COMPOSEE DE RIGUEUR ET DE FINESSE SIGNIFIE QU'IL A PRIS CONSCIENCE DE LA CAUSE QUI PRESIDAIT A L'INSUFFISANCE DE LA DEMARCHE REDUCTIONNISTE : IL S'EST RENDU COMPTE QUE LE TEMPS-DEVENIR DEVAIT ENTRER DANS LA DEFINITION DE L'OBJET SCIENTIFIQUE. LA PENSEE DE RENAN, AVEC TOUT SON ATTACHEMENT A DES FORMULES QUI SEMBLENT AUJOURD'HUI AVOIR VECU, EST UNE PROMESSE NON TENUE : L'ELABORATION RIGOUREUSE DE SES IDEES AURAIT PU DONNER NAISSANCE A UN SYSTEME EPISTEMOLOGIQUE UNIFIE DE LA SCIENCE. L'UNIFICATION QUI SE PASSERAIT NEANMOINS SOUS L'EGIDE DES SCIENCES HUMAINES PUISQUE CELLES-CI SONT CAPABLES DE DEPASSER LE REDUCTIONNISME ETROIT DE LA METHODE PRATIQUEE PAR LES SCIENCES DE LA NATURE. (shrink)

This book discusses in dialogue form the basic principles of mathematics and its applications including the question: What is mathematics? What does its specific method consist of? What is its relation to the sciences and humanities? What can it offer to specialists in different fields? How can it be applied in practice and in discovering the laws of nature? Dramatized by the dialogue form and shown in the historical movements in which they originated, these questions are discussed in their full (...) complexity, yet are easily comprehended. The first dialogue, whose chief actor is Socrates, leads the reader to the source of modern mathematics in Athens in the 5th Century BC. The second dialogue, featuring Archimedes, takes place during the siege of Syracuse in 212 BC and shows the birth of applied mathematics. The third dialogue occurs in the year 1633 in Rome, its chief character being Galileo Galilei who fully realized the central importance of the mathematical method in discovering the laws of nature. Intended as supplemental reading for philosophy of mathematics courses at the high school or college level it will be of interest to both specialists and non-specialists in mathematics. Alfréd Rényi was born in Budapest Hungary in 1921. He studied mathematics and physics at the University of Budapest and received his Ph. D. from the University of Szaged in 1945. Since 1950 he has been Director of the Mathematical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and since 1952 a professor at the University of Budapest. Dr. Renyi was a visiting professor at Michigan State University in 1961, at the University of Michigan in 1964 and at Stanford University in 1966. His main fields of research are probability theory, mathematical statistics and information theory, and he has also worked in analytic number theory as well as in various branches of analysis, combinatorial analysis and geometry. (shrink)

Explanation of the stages of refuge, the principle practice of Bon.

Account of Bonpo Geshe degree (equivalent to Doctor of Philosophy) presentation according to Zhwa-dkar Gʹyung-drung Bon-gyi-bshad-sgrub-ʼdus-paʼi-sde in Solan, India, education system and its related documents.

Exegetical notes on 2nd, 3rd, and 4th chapters of Prajñāpāramitā (Perfection of wisdom) text of Bon philosophical doctrine.

ABSTRACT Some epistemologists hold that all rational norms are fundamentally concerned with the agent’s states or attitudes at an individual time [Hedden 2015, 2016; Moss 2015]; others argue that all rational norms are fundamentally concerned with processes [Podgorski 2017]. This distinction is not drawn in discussions of emotional rationality. As a result, a widely held assumption in the literature on emotional rationality has gone unexamined. I employ Abelard Podgorski’s argument from rational delay to argue that many emotional norms are fundamentally (...) concerned with emotional processes. I also claim that the main response available to the synchronist about belief is not available to the synchronist about emotions and, therefore, fundamental process norms are more plausible than epistemologists tend to believe. (shrink)

Studien zum Entstehen der Philosophie Wittgensteins János Kristóf Nyíri. BEIM STERNENLICHT DER NICHTEXISTIERENDEN: ZUR IDEOLOGIEKRITISCHEN INTERPRETATION DES PLA- TONISIERENDEN ANTIPSYCHOLOGISMUS* ...

本书以宽广的哲学视野,分析了法治与德治及其相互关系的历史演变,指出了两者之间存在着“合—分—合”的历史运动,社会主义社会中法治与德治之间是一个不可分割的“法治—人—德治”双向动互动关系链条,坚持“以人 为本”进行法治与德治建设是构建社会主义和谐社会的必然选择。.